system-adminlisted

# Linux System Administration ## Overview Core commands and best practices for Linux system administration, including system information viewing, resource monitoring, service management, etc. ## System Information ### Basic Information ```bash # System version cat /etc/os-release uname -a # Hostname hostnamectl # Uptime and load uptime ``` ### Hardware Information ```bash # CPU information lscpu cat /proc/cpuinfo # Memory information free -h cat /proc/meminfo # Disk information lsblk df -h ``` ## Resource Monitoring ### Real-time Monitoring ```bash # Comprehensive monitoring top htop # Memory monitoring vmstat 1 # IO monitoring iostat -x 1 iotop # Network monitoring iftop nethogs ``` ### Historical Data ```bash # System activity report sar -u 1 10 # CPU sar -r 1 10 # Memory sar -d 1 10 # Disk ``` ## Service Management ### Systemd Services ```bash # Service status systemctl status service-name systemctl is-active service-name # Start/Stop services systemctl start/stop/restart service-name # Boot startup systemctl enable/disable service-name # View all services systemctl list-units --type=service ``` ## Common Scenarios ### Scenario 1: System Health Check ```bash # Quick health check script echo "=== System Load ===" && uptime echo "=== Memory Usage ===" && free -h echo "=== Disk Usage ===" && df -h echo "=== Failed Services ===" && systemctl --failed ``` ### Scenario 2: Troubleshoot High Load ```bash # 1. Check load uptime # 2. Find high CPU pro