procure-to-pay-advisor

# Procure-to-Pay Advisor — Reference Skill ## Purpose Provide the complete multi-jurisdiction framework for procure-to-pay (P2P) accounting advisory — from purchase order matching through AP accruals, vendor management, VAT/GST input credit recovery, and procurement fraud controls. --- ## Part 1: PO Matching — 2-Way, 3-Way, and 4-Way ### Matching Types | Match Type | Documents Compared | What Is Verified | |---|---|---| | **2-way match** | PO vs. supplier invoice | Price, quantity, terms | | **3-way match** | PO vs. goods receipt (GRN) vs. supplier invoice | Price, quantity, and physical receipt confirmed | | **4-way match** | PO vs. GRN vs. inspection record vs. supplier invoice | Price, quantity, receipt, and quality/inspection sign-off | **Best practice**: 3-way matching is the minimum standard for goods purchases. 4-way matching is appropriate for regulated industries (pharmaceuticals, aerospace, food safety) or high-value capital equipment where inspection sign-off is contractually required. ### Purchase Price Variance (PPV) PPV arises when the actual invoiced price differs from the standard or PO price: ``` PPV = (Actual Price − Standard/PO Price) × Quantity Received ``` - **Favorable PPV**: actual price < PO price → credit to PPV account. - **Unfavorable PPV**: actual price > PO price → debit to PPV account. **Accounting treatment by jurisdiction:** | Jurisdiction | Standard | PPV Treatment | |---|---|---| | US GAAP | ASC 330-10 (Inventory) | Capitalize in...