climate-mrvlisted

# Climate MRV — product-side playbook MRV = Measurement, Reporting, Verification. Climate / carbon claims must be measurable, reportable, and verifiable — increasingly required by regulation (CSRD in EU, SEC climate disclosure in US) and audited. Greenwashing penalties have arrived. PMs building climate products need this frame. ## 1. The three scopes (GHG Protocol) | Scope | What | Example | |---|---|---| | 1 | Direct emissions from owned/controlled sources | Company-owned vehicles, on-site fuel combustion | | 2 | Indirect emissions from purchased energy | Electricity from grid | | 3 | All other indirect emissions in value chain | Supply chain (upstream), product use (downstream), employee commuting, business travel | Scope 3 is usually the largest AND hardest to measure. Methodology choice (spend-based vs activity-based vs supplier-specific) matters hugely. ## 2. Standards landscape ### GHG Protocol (foundational) - Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard - Scope 2 Guidance - Scope 3 Guidance - Sector-specific guidance ### ISO 14064-1 / 14064-2 / 14064-3 - 14064-1: org-level GHG inventory - 14064-2: project-level GHG accounting (offsets) - 14064-3: verification + validation ### SBTi (Science Based Targets initiative) - Sets near-term (5-10 yr) and net-zero (~2050) targets. - Aligned with 1.5°C trajectory. - Validation required (cost + 6-12 months). ### CDP - Disclosure platform (climate, water, forests). - Scored A-D-. - Increasingly required by customers. ##