dmaic

# DMAIC (Six Sigma Problem Solving) ## When to use Use DMAIC when: - A problem has recurred multiple times despite previous corrective actions - The process needs measurable, data-driven capability improvement (Cpk improvement target) - The root cause is unknown and requires statistical analysis to identify - A customer requires a Six Sigma approach or asks for a DMAIC report - The improvement opportunity involves eliminating chronic waste (rework, scrap, test failures) **Use 8D instead when:** The problem is a single customer complaint, an escape to the field, or requires immediate containment. 8D is reactive and fast. DMAIC is proactive and thorough — it takes weeks to months. **Use PDCA instead when:** The improvement is incremental and the root cause is already known or assumed. ## Prerequisites - A defined problem with measurable impact (reject rate, Cpk, scrap cost, defect count) - Baseline data available or collectable - Process owner and cross-functional team assigned - Management support and a time budget (minimum 4–12 weeks depending on project scope) ## Workflow ### Phase 1 — DEFINE **Objective:** Define the problem, the scope, the team, and the goal in measurable terms. **Key tools and deliverables:** **Project Charter** — The DMAIC starts and ends here. Contains: - Problem statement: what is happening, where, since when, how much (measured impact) - Goal statement: specific, measurable target (e.g., "Reduce connector reject rate from 3.2% to 0.5% by Q3...