secondary-data-sourceslisted

# Secondary data — sourcing and verification ## The rule that outranks the rest **Never invent a figure.** If a number cannot be traced to a real, named, dated source, write `[UNVERIFIED — needs source]` and leave it in the draft where the reader can see it. A visible gap is a task; a fabricated number in a Turnitin submission is misconduct. This applies to market sizes, growth rates, market shares, revenue figures, headcounts, delivery volumes, cost benchmarks, and every percentage. It also applies to "approximately" and "around" — a vague fake is still a fake. ## Source-quality hierarchy Work down this list. Stop at the highest tier that has the number. 1. **Primary company disclosure** — SEC filings (10-K, 10-Q, 8-K), annual reports, investor presentations, earnings-call transcripts. Audited, dated, legally accountable. 2. **Peer-reviewed journal articles** — the only tier that counts toward the 50% quota. 3. **Licensed market databases** — Statista, Passport (Euromonitor), IBISWorld, Mintel. 4. **Multilateral and government statistics** — World Bank, IMF, WTO, UNCTAD, UAE FCSC, Dubai Statistics Centre, Dubai Chamber. 5. **Industry bodies** — IATA, IRU, Global Express Association, Dubai Logistics Corridor. 6. **Consultancy research** — McKinsey, PwC, Deloitte, BCG, Bain. Credible but promotional; read the methodology note. 7. **Quality business press** — FT, Reuters, Bloomberg, Gulf News, The National, Arabian Business. For events and colour, not for head